Tenses

NAME                        : LUDFI SATRIA N

NPM                           : 16114146

CLASS                       : 4KA23

TENSES

1.      Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense digunakan untuk menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat sekarang ini.

Rumus :

(+) S + V1 (+es/s)                     
(-)  S + Do/Does + not +V1       
(?) Do/Does + not + S + V1?   

Contoh :

-          Sun Rises from east

-          We agree with the speaker’s opinion.

 (+) I read one book every month.

(-) They dont go to the beach on Monday.

(?) Do they go to the beach on weekend?

-              Penambahan “s/ es” pada Verb 1 hanya untuk subjek He, she dan it.

Contoh kalimat: She eats an banana.

-              Time Signal :Usually, Always, Often, Generally, Seldom

2.      Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense adalah pola kalimat yang digunakan untuk sesuatu yang sedang berlangsung saat ini.

Rumus :

(+) S + am/is/are + Ving              
(-)  S + am/is/are + not + Ving   
(?) Am/is/are + S + Ving?            

Contoh :

-          I am going to your home tomorrow

-          I’m driving a car to Bandung now.

(+) They are playing basket ball right now.

(-) I am not smoking.

(?) Are we talking about sport or health?

3.      Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang.

Rumus :

(+) S + have/has + V3               
(-)  S + have/has + not + V3     
(?) Have/has + S + V3?             

Contoh :

-          Peter has gone just now.

-          I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months.

(+) I have bought a new car.

(-) The car hasnt stopped in front of he man.

(?) Have you bought a new car.

4.      Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lampau.

Rumus :

(+) S + V2 + O                         
(-)  S + did + not + Inf (V1)    
(?) Did + S + Inf (V1)               

Contoh :

-          The party started at 10.00 a.m.

-          I went to school alone yesterday.

(+) I went to Jogjakarta with my family last week.

(-) You did not pay the tax last year.

(?) What did you buy last Sunday?

5.      Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present Perfect Continuous Tense merupakan jenis tense yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan sebuah kejadian/ peristiwa yang telah terjadi di masa lampau namun masih berkesinambungan atau masih terus berlanjut hingga saat ini.

Rumus:

(+) S + have/has + been + Ving + Object

(-) S + have/has + not + been + Ving + Object

(?) Have/has + S + been + Ving + Object

Contoh:

(+) I have been asking for help since 2 hours ago but there is nobody here.

(-) She has not been teaching in that school since last year.

(?) Have you been calling me since then?

6.      Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau.

Rumus :

(+) S + was/were + Ving             
(-)  S + was/were + not + Ving  
(?)  Was/were + S + Ving           

Contoh :

-          I was sleeping when you came.

-          She was cooking an hour ago

(+)  I had been heard the song many times before.

(-)  I had not selling a bicycle.

(?)  Had you been working?

7.      Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi.

Rumus :

(+) S + Had + V3            
(-)  S + Had + not + V3   
(?)  Had + S + V3           

Contoh :

-          When he came last night, the cake had run out.

-          She had gone before you came.

(+) I had studied before she came to my house.

(-) She had not been a teacher when she got married.

(?) Had you been checked the list of equipments before you had travelling?

8.      Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi (dengan durasi waktu tertentu) telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu.

Rumus:

(+) Subject + had + been + V1-ing

(-) Subject +had+not+been+V1-ing

(?) had+ Subject +been+V1-ing

Contoh:

(+)  I had been heard the song many times before.

(-)  I had not selling a bicycle.

(?)  Had you been working?

9.      Future perfect tense 

adalah tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang akan sudah selesai pada waktu tertentu atau sebelum perbuatan lain terjadi di masa mendatang. 

Rumus :

(+) S + Will + Have + V3          
(-)  S + will + not + have + V3   
(?) Will + S + have + V3         

Contoh:

-          Susi will have finished her work at 3.30 p.m.

-          Susi will not have finished her work at 3.30 p.m.

(+) I had studied before she came to my house.

(-) She had not been a teacher when she got married.

(?) Had you been checked the list of equipments before you had travelling?